So, you’ve broken a bone. Only those who’ve experienced a fracture can truly understand how painful and debilitating it can be. Recovering should be your first priority. But you’ll also want to determine if the fracture is a symptom of osteoporosis, which puts you at greater risk for future fractures. If you’re 50 or older, there’s a very good chance your fracture is related to osteoporosis.
Many people are unaware of the link between a broken bone and osteoporosis. Osteoporosis, or “porous bone,” is a disease characterized by low bone mass. It makes bones fragile and more prone to fractures, especially in the hip, spine, and wrist. Osteoporosis is called a “silent disease” because bone loss occurs without symptoms. People typically do not know that they have osteoporosis until their bones become so weak that a sudden strain, twist, or fall results in a fracture.
In the United States, more than 40 million people either already have osteoporosis or are at high risk. The disease can occur in both men and women and at any age, but it is most common in older women.
The majority of all hip and spine fractures among older white women can be attributed to underlying bone fragility. Moreover, women near or past menopause who’ve sustained a fracture in the past are more likely to experience another fracture.
Yet few patients with osteoporotic fractures are referred for an osteoporosis evaluation and medical treatment.
The Osteoporosis Evaluation:
I’ve already had a fracture. Is it too late to talk to my doctor about osteoporosis?
It is never too late. Ideally, you should talk to your doctor during recovery about getting an osteoporosis evaluation. But even if your fracture has healed, you can be evaluated.
What kind of doctor should I see about getting an osteoporosis evaluation?
Many different kinds of doctors can evaluate and treat osteoporosis. Start with your primary care doctor or the doctor treating your fracture. He or she may refer you to a specialist, such as an endocrinologist or rheumatologist, if you require treatment.
What does an osteoporosis evaluation involve?
Your doctor will ask about your medical history and lifestyle to determine whether you have risk factors for osteoporosis. Some of the factors that increase the risk of developing osteoporosis include personal or family history; low levels of estrogen or testosterone; and the use of certain medications, such as glucocorticoids or anti-seizure medications, that may contribute to bone fragility. Your doctor also may test your blood or urine or suggest that you have a bone mineral density test.
What is a bone mineral density test? Is it painful?
A bone mineral density (BMD) test is the best way to determine your bone health. It can identify osteoporosis, determine your risk for fractures, and measure your response to osteoporosis treatment. The test is safe and painless, a bit like having an X-ray, but with much less exposure to radiation. Some private insurance plans will cover BMD tests ordered by your doctor. Medicare also pays for a BMD test under certain circumstances for women and men age 65 or older.
Strategies to Reduce Your Risk of Fractures:
Some of my friends take medication for osteoporosis. Should I consider this?
Yes. Several medications are available to prevent and treat osteoporosis. Your doctor can help you understand the benefits and risks of each of these medications and select one that is right for you.
In men, reduced levels of testosterone may be linked to the development of osteoporosis. Testosterone replacement therapy is prescribed to help prevent or slow bone loss.
What else can I do to protect my bones?
In addition to taking your medication, you can follow a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, maintain an adequate daily intake of protein, monitor your sodium intake, and get plenty of exercise.
* Calcium is needed to maintain healthy, strong bones throughout your life, but most Americans do not get enough calcium from their diets. The Institute of Medicine recommends a daily calcium intake of 1,000 mg (milligrams) for men and women up to age 50, increasing to 1,200 mg for women over age 50 and men over age 70.
Dairy products such as milk, cheese, and yogurt are excellent sources of calcium, and some nondairy foods such as broccoli, almonds and sardines can provide smaller amounts. In addition, many foods that you may already enjoy – juices, breads, and cereals – can now be found fortified with calcium. Calcium supplements are helpful for people with a proven milk allergy. In general, you should choose calcium supplements that are known brand names with proven reliability. Take them in small amounts of 500 mg or less throughout the day.
* Vitamin D plays a significant role in helping the body absorb calcium, the key that allows the mineral to enter your bloodstream. As we age, we’re less able to absorb calcium, which makes getting enough vitamin D even more important. The recommended daily intake for vitamin D is 600 IU (international units) up to age 70. Men and women over age 70 should increase their uptake to 800 IU daily.
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