The Kingdom of Eswatini, formerly known as Swaziland, is a small, landlocked nation in Southern Africa, bordered by South Africa and Mozambique. In April 2018, King Mswati III officially renamed the country “Eswatini” to commemorate the 50th anniversary of independence and to emphasize its indigenous heritage.
Eswatini is one of the few remaining absolute monarchies in the world. King Mswati III, who ascended the throne in 1986, exercises executive, legislative, and judicial authority. The country operates under a dual legal system that blends Roman-Dutch common law with Swazi customary law, preserving traditional governance alongside modern structures.
The kingdom is celebrated for its rich cultural identity and vibrant traditional ceremonies. Events like the Umhlanga (Reed Dance) and Incwala are national highlights, attracting both locals and international visitors. These festivals not only showcase Eswatini’s values and customs but also reinforce the central role of the monarchy in national life.
Eswatini’s natural beauty and biodiversity make it an attractive destination for eco-tourism. The country is home to renowned wildlife reserves such as Hlane Royal National Park and Mlilwane Wildlife Sanctuary. Sibebe Rock, one of the world’s largest exposed granite domes, is a geological wonder and a popular hiking spot. Additionally, the kingdom is known for its thriving craft industry, with products from Ngwenya Glass and Swazi Candles gaining international recognition.
While facing ongoing economic challenges, Eswatini continues to invest in tourism, culture, and small-scale industries as avenues for national development. The country stands as a unique example of how traditional institutions can coexist with efforts toward modernization and economic growth.
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