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On 7 December, over 12 million Ghanaians voted in the presidential and parliamentary elections.<\/p>\n
Less than 48 hours after the close of polls, the Electoral Commission (EC) of Ghana announced the results of the presidential election.<\/p>\n
The commission declared John Mahama, an opposition candidate and former president, the winner of the presidential election, which also included candidates from 16 other parties and three independent candidates.<\/p>\n
Mr Mahama won<\/strong> with about 6.3 million votes, while the incumbent Vice President, Mahamudu Bawumia, of the New Patriotic Party (NPP), garnered about 4.5 million.<\/p>\nFor the parliamentary elections, the NDP won over two-thirds of the 276 parliamentary seats.<\/p>\n
But more remarkable is that Mr Bawumai conceded<\/strong> defeat before the EC began announcing the results. Ultimately, the ruling party suffered a massive defeat in both the presidential and parliamentary elections.<\/p>\nAcross the world, the election was hailed as transparent, credible, and peaceful. Election observation missions, including those from the European Union, African Union, Yiaga Africa, and others, praised the outcome and urged other African countries to take cues from Ghana\u2019s electoral process.<\/p>\n
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Article Page with Financial Support Promotion<\/title><\/p>\n<p><!-- Your article content goes here --><\/p>\n<p><!-- Overlay HTML --><\/p>\n<div class=\"overlay\" id=\"membershipOverlay\">\n<div class=\"overlay-content\">\n<h2>Nigerians need credible journalism. Help us report it.<\/h2>\n<p>Support journalism driven by facts, created by Nigerians for Nigerians. Our thorough, researched reporting relies on the support of readers like you.<\/p>\n<p>Help us maintain free and accessible news for all with a small donation.<\/p>\n<p>Every contribution guarantees that we can keep delivering important stories <strong>\u2014no paywalls, just quality journalism.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> <button class=\"btn1\" onclick=\"makePayment()\">SUPPORT NOW<\/button><br \/>\n <button class=\"close-btn\" onclick=\"closeOverlay()\">x<\/button><br \/>\n <button class=\"btn1\" onclick=\"closeOverlay()\">Do this later<\/button>\n <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- Script to show the overlay twice in 24 hours --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>For most Nigerians who observed the election across the 16 regions of Ghana, it represented a significant departure from what is typical in Nigeria.<\/p>\n<p>Ghana\u2019s system shares similarities with Nigeria\u2019s. Although Mahmood Yakubu, the chairman of Nigeria\u2019s electoral <strong>body<\/strong>, noted that Ghana had adopted some of Nigeria\u2019s practices, it was clear that Ghana executed its electoral process better.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe second thing for me is the lesson that Ghana also learned from Nigeria in the area of managing constituency election results. Until the last election in Ghana, all results came to the Electoral Commission\u2019s headquarters in Accra, both parliamentary and presidential.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAlthough Ghana is not a federal system, they learned from Nigeria, where you have returning officers who announce results for parliamentary elections in various constituencies around the country. Only the presidential election results come to Accra,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<p>This reporter was part of the 12-member Yiaga Africa Study Mission that observed the election and noted a few things Nigeria can inculcate into its electoral process to improve it.<\/p>\n<p>Here are some observations PREMIUM TIMES made from observing the election and some lessons Nigeria can adopt or improve upon to enhance its electoral process:<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-762642\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/media.premiumtimesng.com\/wp-content\/files\/2024\/12\/6c07e59e-63ea-40a7-812b-a6b9dd8dd6eb.jpeg?resize=1280%2C960&ssl=1\" alt=\"Ghana Elections (PHOTO CREDIT: Premium Times- Bakare Mojeed)\" width=\"1280\" height=\"960\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/media.premiumtimesng.com\/wp-content\/files\/2024\/12\/6c07e59e-63ea-40a7-812b-a6b9dd8dd6eb.jpeg?w=1280&ssl=1 1280w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/media.premiumtimesng.com\/wp-content\/files\/2024\/12\/6c07e59e-63ea-40a7-812b-a6b9dd8dd6eb.jpeg?resize=465%2C349&ssl=1 465w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/media.premiumtimesng.com\/wp-content\/files\/2024\/12\/6c07e59e-63ea-40a7-812b-a6b9dd8dd6eb.jpeg?resize=768%2C576&ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/media.premiumtimesng.com\/wp-content\/files\/2024\/12\/6c07e59e-63ea-40a7-812b-a6b9dd8dd6eb.jpeg?resize=750%2C563&ssl=1 750w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/media.premiumtimesng.com\/wp-content\/files\/2024\/12\/6c07e59e-63ea-40a7-812b-a6b9dd8dd6eb.jpeg?resize=1140%2C855&ssl=1 1140w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\"\/><\/p>\n<h3><strong>1. Early voting\/special election<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Over 280,000 Ghanaians, including security personnel, election officers, and journalists, had the opportunity to vote in special elections before the main election date \u2013 7 December. These groups cast their votes on 2 and 5 December. The early voting system ensures that those participating in essential election duties are not disenfranchised.<\/p>\n<p>Civil society groups in Ghana are also advocating for the inclusion of members of civil society organisations, who typically monitor elections, in the early voting arrangement.<\/p>\n<p>If this system is adopted in Nigeria, over one million people estimated to be involved in election duties could vote before the main election.<\/p>\n<p>The early voting system is expected to be included in Nigeria\u2019s reviewed Electoral Act. Adebayo Balogun, chairman of the House of Representatives Committee on Electoral Matters and a member of the Yiaga Mission to Ghana, told PREMIUM TIMES that his committee intends to include early voting in the electoral bill expected to be passed before June 2025.<\/p>\n<p>His counterpart in the Senate, Sharaffadeen Alli, who was also part of the mission, gave the same assurance.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>2. Voting by proxy<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>About 1,200 Ghanaians registered to vote by proxy. This system allows a voter to nominate another voter to cast a vote on their behalf.<\/p>\n<p>A voter who anticipates being unavailable on election day can register with the EC district officer. The application must include the voter\u2019s and the proxy\u2019s details and ensure both are registered in the same polling unit.<\/p>\n<p>Applications must be submitted not later than 42 days before the election. To prevent commercialisation, a voter can only act as a proxy for one person.<\/p>\n<p>A separate proxy register is provided at polling units. Electoral officers verify proxy voters\u2019 details using a QR code and the Biometric Verification Device (BVD). Party agents are also informed about the number of proxy voters in their polling units.<\/p>\n<p>Messrs Balogun and Alli said Nigeria will consider adopting proxy voting as an alternative to diaspora voting.<\/p>\n<p>Although proxy voting is not the same as diaspora voting, it could serve as a fallback option if the diaspora voting proposal fails to pass.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>3. Free movement\/exclusion of soldiers from election duties<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>For anyone familiar with Nigerian elections, the scene in Ghana was refreshing and different. There was free movement on election day, and business opened, unlike in Nigeria\u2019s restrictive practices.<\/p>\n<p>There were no gun-wielding soldiers on the streets, masked secret police with guns, or multiple checkpoints, which are typical of Nigerian elections.<\/p>\n<p>This reporter travelled from Accra to the Volta Region on election day and encountered only three checkpoints, none of which restricted movement. Shop owners went to their polling stations to vote and returned to their businesses. Motor parks were busy with passengers travelling, even as voting continued nearby.<\/p>\n<p>Despite the free movement, over 63 per cent of Ghana\u2019s 18.7 million registered voters participated in the election. In contrast, Nigeria often militarises its electoral process, shutting down entry points and restricting vehicular movement, yet achieves less than 24 per cent voter turnout.<\/p>\n<p>The militarisation of the process in Nigeria often discourages voter participation. Perhaps it is time for the country to consider Ghana\u2019s approach and see whether allowing free movement on election day could improve voter turnout.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>4. Use of tactile jackets and voting in open space<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-759914\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/media.premiumtimesng.com\/wp-content\/files\/2024\/12\/IMG-20241207-WA0038.jpg?resize=1280%2C960&ssl=1\" alt=\"Ghana elections: Sorting and counting ongoing\" width=\"1280\" height=\"960\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/media.premiumtimesng.com\/wp-content\/files\/2024\/12\/IMG-20241207-WA0038.jpg?w=1280&ssl=1 1280w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/media.premiumtimesng.com\/wp-content\/files\/2024\/12\/IMG-20241207-WA0038.jpg?resize=465%2C349&ssl=1 465w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/media.premiumtimesng.com\/wp-content\/files\/2024\/12\/IMG-20241207-WA0038.jpg?resize=768%2C576&ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/media.premiumtimesng.com\/wp-content\/files\/2024\/12\/IMG-20241207-WA0038.jpg?resize=750%2C563&ssl=1 750w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/media.premiumtimesng.com\/wp-content\/files\/2024\/12\/IMG-20241207-WA0038.jpg?resize=1140%2C855&ssl=1 1140w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\"\/><\/p>\n<p>The successful use of tactile jackets to aid blind voters was a significant achievement in Ghana. Every polling unit has detailed information about the number of persons with disabilities (PWDs), and the simplicity of the technology ensures its availability.<\/p>\n<p>A tactile voting device enables a visually impaired person to mark a ballot paper in secret. This plastic device is attached to the ballot paper and consists of several flaps, each covering one of the boxes on the paper.<\/p>\n<p>Each flap has a raised number embossed in black, corresponding to the box it covers. The number stands out against the white background of the ballot paper and can be identified by touch.<\/p>\n<p>One factor contributing to the success of tactile jackets is the allocation of ballot numbers to candidates representing their positions on the ballot. For instance, the NPP was assigned number 1 during the last election, while the NDP was assigned number 8.<\/p>\n<p>Candidates incorporate their numbers into campaign posters and adverts, increasing awareness. This helps blind voters use the tactile jackets without assistance.<\/p>\n<p>Additionally, polling stations in Ghana are located in accessible open spaces, unlike in Nigeria, where school corridors and stairs often pose challenges for PWDs.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>5. Fax machines for results transmission<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-762663\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/media.premiumtimesng.com\/wp-content\/files\/2024\/12\/2979d0df-ab5e-4d6c-9443-bfeeee47e586.jpeg?resize=1280%2C960&ssl=1\" alt=\"The fax machines used to receive the results from regions (PHOTO CREDIT: Premium Times- Bakare Mojeed)\" width=\"1280\" height=\"960\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/media.premiumtimesng.com\/wp-content\/files\/2024\/12\/2979d0df-ab5e-4d6c-9443-bfeeee47e586.jpeg?w=1280&ssl=1 1280w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/media.premiumtimesng.com\/wp-content\/files\/2024\/12\/2979d0df-ab5e-4d6c-9443-bfeeee47e586.jpeg?resize=465%2C349&ssl=1 465w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/media.premiumtimesng.com\/wp-content\/files\/2024\/12\/2979d0df-ab5e-4d6c-9443-bfeeee47e586.jpeg?resize=768%2C576&ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/media.premiumtimesng.com\/wp-content\/files\/2024\/12\/2979d0df-ab5e-4d6c-9443-bfeeee47e586.jpeg?resize=750%2C563&ssl=1 750w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/media.premiumtimesng.com\/wp-content\/files\/2024\/12\/2979d0df-ab5e-4d6c-9443-bfeeee47e586.jpeg?resize=1140%2C855&ssl=1 1140w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\"\/><\/p>\n<p>Surprisingly, Ghana uses fax machines to transmit results from regional collation centres to the National Collation Centre (NCC).<\/p>\n<p>The EC has resisted fully electronic transmission due to fears of data interception. While results are manually transmitted from polling units to constituency and regional centres, the final stage uses fax machines.<\/p>\n<p>At the NCC, 16 fax machines (one per region) were used to certify and declare results. This method saves time and costs and allows for a gradual transition to full electronic transmission.<\/p>\n<p>In contrast, Nigeria\u2019s results are physically transmitted from the 36 states and the FCT, which significantly delays the national collation process, often stretching to five days.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>6. Efficient logistics<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>By 7 a.m., over 85 per cent of polling units in Ghana had opened for voting \u2013 a testament to the EC\u2019s logistical efficiency.<\/p>\n<p>While Nigeria\u2019s larger size and challenging topography pose difficulties, logistical lapses often mar Nigerian elections. In some cases, elections have been postponed due to the electoral body\u2019s unpreparedness.<\/p>\n<p>Ghana\u2019s BVD machines also performed well, and malfunctioning devices were quickly replaced.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>7. Independent candidacy<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Independent candidacy is a well-established part of Ghana\u2019s electoral process. In the last election, four independent candidates contested the presidential election while others ran for parliamentary seats.<\/p>\n<p>Over the years, there have been attempts to amend Nigeria\u2019s 1999 Constitution to accommodate independent candidacy, but these efforts have failed.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>8. Majority threshold for presidential election<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>In Ghana, a presidential candidate must win more than 50 per cent of the total votes cast to be declared president. This ensures that no one becomes president without securing the majority of votes.<\/p>\n<p>In Nigeria, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/officialABAT\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">President Bola Tinubu<\/a><\/strong> became president despite winning less than 40 per cent of the total votes cast. Although Nigeria requires a candidate to secure a quarter of the votes in two-thirds of the states, the Ghanaian model promotes broader legitimacy.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>9. Issue-based campaigns<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>While Ghana, like many African countries, has ethnic divisions, its recent election focused on issues such as the economy and illegal mining.<\/p>\n<p>Although there were subtle ethnic undercurrents, the emphasis on economic issues overshadowed religious and ethnic sentiments.<\/p>\n<p>Nigeria, despite being more complex, could learn from Ghana\u2019s approach. Citizens and stakeholders can consciously prioritise issue-based campaigns over divisive rhetoric.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>10. Zeal to vote by citizens<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Despite their frustration with the political elites in Ghana, most citizens of voting age put in considerable effort to vote on election day.<\/p>\n<p>While turnout dropped considerably from 79 per cent in 2020, there is still general enthusiasm for voting even without inducement.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"pullquote align-center\">\n<h3>READ ALSO:\u00a0<strong>ANALYSIS: Ghana had another smooth election but must address a major electoral flaw<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Many voters stayed in long queues to exercise their franchise to vote for their leaders. In some polling units, communities provided tents and chairs to ensure that voters are comfortable in exercising the right to vote.<\/p>\n<p>If these measures are adopted, Nigeria could significantly improve its electoral process and outcomes.<\/p>\n<p><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings above via filter on the_content --><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings below via filter on the_content --><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings generic via filter on the_content --><!-- AddThis Share Buttons above via filter on the_content --><!-- AddThis Share Buttons below via filter on the_content --><!-- AddThis Share Buttons generic via filter on the_content --><\/p>\n<div class=\"code-block code-block-9\" style=\"margin: 8px auto; text-align: center; display: block; clear: both;\">\n<!-- Opinion Poll begins here --><\/p>\n<p><!-- Opinion Poll ends --><\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<p><!-- Piano content recommendation widget --><\/p>\n<p><!-- Donation prelude begins here --><\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<div class=\"donation-call\">\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><em><span class=\"highlight\" style=\"background-color: #ad0002; color: ffffff;\">Support PREMIUM TIMES’ journalism of integrity and credibility<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>At\u00a0Premium Times, we firmly believe in the importance of high-quality journalism. Recognizing that not everyone can afford costly news subscriptions, we are dedicated to delivering meticulously researched, fact-checked news that remains freely accessible to all.<\/p>\n<p>Whether you turn to Premium Times for daily updates, in-depth investigations into pressing national issues, or entertaining trending stories, we value your readership.<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s essential to acknowledge that news production incurs expenses, and we take pride in never placing our stories behind a prohibitive paywall.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Would you consider supporting us with a modest contribution on a monthly basis\u00a0to help maintain our commitment to free, accessible news?\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p> Make Contribution<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- End donation here --><\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<p><!-- Insticator API Fire Widget --><\/p>\n<p><!-- End Insticator API Fire Widget --><\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<p><!-- PixFuture GoStory Player tag START --><\/p>\n<p><!-- PixFuture GoStory Player tag END --><\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<p><!--Text Link Ad starts --><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>TEXT AD:<\/strong> <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>Call Willie – +2348098788999<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<p><!--taboola entry content --><\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<hr\/>\n<p><!--<body>--><\/p>\n<p><!--<\/body>--><\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<p><!-- Insticator API Fire Widget --><\/p>\n<p><!-- End Insticator API Fire Widget --><\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<div class=\"directcampaign\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" style=\"max-width: 100%; height: auto; align: center;\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/media.premiumtimesng.com\/wp-content\/files\/2019\/06\/pt-magazine-advert.gif?ssl=1\" alt=\"PT Mag Campaign AD\"\/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- PixFuture In-Post Video Ad Tag START --><\/p>\n<p><!-- PixFuture In-Post Video Ad Tag END -->\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- CONTENT END 1 --><\/p><\/div>\n<p><script async src=\"\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><script>(function() {\n var _fbq = window._fbq || (window._fbq = []);\n if (!_fbq.loaded) {\n var fbds = document.createElement('script');\n fbds.async = true;\n fbds.src = \"https:\/\/connect.facebook.net\/en_US\/fbds.js\";\n var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];\n s.parentNode.insertBefore(fbds, s);\n _fbq.loaded = true;\n }\n _fbq.push(['addPixelId', '756614861070731']);\n})();\nwindow._fbq = window._fbq || [];\nwindow._fbq.push(['track', 'PixelInitialized', {}]);\n<\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n!function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s){if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function(){n.callMethod?\nn.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)};if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;\nn.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0';n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0;\nt.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0];s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}(window,\ndocument,'script','https:\/\/connect.facebook.net\/en_US\/fbevents.js?v=next');\n<\/script><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>On 7 December, over 12 million Ghanaians voted in the presidential and parliamentary elections. Less than 48 hours after the close of polls, the Electoral Commission (EC) of Ghana announced the results of the presidential election. The commission declared John Mahama, an opposition candidate and former president, the winner of the presidential election, which also […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":268338,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-268337","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-business"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>10 lessons Nigeria can learn from Ghana\u2019s electoral process - Ghanamma.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ghanamma.com\/2024\/12\/20\/10-lessons-nigeria-can-learn-from-ghanas-electoral-process\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"10 lessons Nigeria can learn from Ghana\u2019s electoral process - Ghanamma.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"On 7 December, over 12 million Ghanaians voted in the presidential and parliamentary elections. Less than 48 hours after the close of polls, the Electoral Commission (EC) of Ghana announced the results of the presidential election. 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