On June 4, 1979, Ghana was ushered into its morning life with an announcement on the radio by Flight Lieutenant Jerry John Rawlings of a change in government by the Armed Forces Revolutionary Council (AFRC). The June 4th Revolution, otherwise known as June 4th Uprising arose out of corruption, bad governance and frustration among the general public and tomorrow in History will be exactly 43 years ago
What was the cause of the June 4th Revolution otherwise known as June 4th Uprising?
General I. K. Acheampong led a group of disgruntled army officers and usurped Prime Minister Dr. Kofi Abrefa Busia’s government in 1972 and formed a government that they called The Supreme Military Council (SMC).
However, in 1978, General Acheampong was accused of economic mismanagement and forced to resign by a group of army officers led by General Akuffo.
On May 15, 1979, less than five weeks before the national elections, the then – Flt. Lt Jerry John Rawlings led a group of junior Ghanaian army officers in an attempted overthrow of the military government of General Fred Akuffo and the Supreme Military Council.
He was then arrested and imprisoned after he led a group of junior Ghanaian army officers in an attempted coup d’état against the military government led by General Fred Akuffo.
On the night of June 3, 1979, a group of junior officers Major Boakye Djan and enlisted personnel of the Fifth Battalion and the Reconnaissance Regiment in Burma Camp staged a bloody coup and freed Rawlings.
An announcement was made early in the morning of June 4, 1979, at 6 am on Radio Ghana of a change of government.
The voice which made the announcement later at 7.30 am identified itself as that of Flight Lieutenant Jerry Rawlings who was expected in the morning to appear before a court-martial at the Burma Camp.
He declared that, he and some other ranks had taken over the Government and asked officers and men to report to Nicholson Stadium inside Burma Camp where the election of officers would take place.
He invited all officers who knew they had nothing to fear to attend the meeting. Barely an hour and a half later, Major-General N. A Rodarte-Wellington, Army Commander announced on the air that, an uprising that occurred in the early hours had been quelled.
He therefore ordered officers and men of the Armed Forces to return to their respective units while steps were being taken to return the Armed Forces to normalcy. He then invited Flight Lieutenant Jerry Rawlings and his supporters to meet him at the First Infantry Brigade headquarters at Kpeahie Ridge and promised there would be no arrests and victimization.
The silence which followed this announcement was however broken at 3:32 pm when a special Radio in Ghana announcement said that, Flight Lieutenant Rawlings and his men had taken over control of the country. Notable on the day was a display by Major-General N. A. R Odarte-Wellington. He entered an armored car and single-handedly shot for three continuous hours. When he ran out of cartridges and dashed to the Nima Police Station to surrender. Unfortunately, he was killed on the spot by military officers immediately after he came out of the armored truck.
That incident marked the beginning of the uprising. After the incident, all military installations were searched and senior military officers who were on the side of the Supreme Military Council (SMC II) were killed. It was on the same day that Col. Aninful, the president of the military tribunal that tried Rawlings and the junior officers on 15th May was killed. His wife and children who were also in the same room were shot. Many sympathizers of the previous government fled the country to seek asylum elsewhere.
The Armed Forces Revolutionary Council (AFRC) included a cross-section of ranks from private and lance corporal to staff sergeant, airman, lieutenant and naval commander.
The membership was as follows;
1. Flt. Lt. Jerry John Rawlings – Chairman
2. Captain Boakye Gyan – Official Spokesperson
3. Major Mensah Gbedemah
4. Lt Commander Akpaloo
5. Warrant Officer 2 Obeng
6. Private Owusu Adu
7. Corporal Owusu Boateng
8. Leading Air Craftsman Gaktipo
9. Lance Corporal Ansah Atiemo among other people.
The AFRC ruled from June 1979 to September 1979. Power was handed to Dr. Hilla Limann in September 1979. But Rawlings again overthrew Limann on 31st December 1981.
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